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MedTech Outlook | Wednesday, April 12, 2023
Biological and biomedical engineers are focused on developing solutions to the world's most pressing health problems, such as the rise of antibiotic resistance, climate change, and the spread of infectious diseases.
Engineering is one of history's oldest and most established scientific disciplines. A common goal of all engineers is to create, design, and develop artifacts that contribute to human well-being and function. The engineering profession has primarily shaped human civilization. Civil engineers design and build streets, bridges, houses, and offices; mechanical engineers create machines to perform tasks beyond human capability; and electrical engineers provide heat and light.
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Engineering studies rely on understanding the physical properties and behaviors of elements, materials, and objects. Engineered products depend on this knowledge and understanding, developed over thousands of years of research and practice. Due to their scale and ambition, observing, measuring, analyzing, and predicting engineering project outcomes is essential. Engineers make the world better by translating this knowledge into new artifacts.
Digital Technologies and Their Impact
Before the advent of digital technology, doctors and clinicians monitored and recorded vital signs using thermometers, stethoscopes, sphygmomanometers, prosthetics, and mechanical ventilation devices; these devices are all biomedical engineering products. Digital technologies have accelerated biomedical engineering and biologi
cal advances.
The convergence of sensor and scanning technologies with digital communication technologies have revolutionized our understanding of living organisms and our ability to diagnose and treat patients.
With digital technologies, medical professionals can gain greater precision, granularity, reliability, affordability, and communicability. Biomedical engineers are pioneering the application of these technologies to clinical diagnostics, treatments, and therapeutics. Many smartphones and wearable smartwatches are already capable of monitoring and recording vital signs, providing preventative healthcare advice, and providing remote telemedicine support. A shift toward preventive health care and technology-enabled personal health management will be made possible with these biomedical advancements, often from multidisciplinary collaboration and commercialization.
Biomedical engineers have also developed devices for augmenting, supporting, or replacing living tissue using digital technologies. The heart pacemaker became a technical possibility with the invention of transistors, and today we can implant biomedical devices such as insulin pumps. Developing innovative new devices that monitor and manage human health automatically or in partnership with emerging digital healthcare ecosystems is possible with biofeedback technologies.
The human genome project was possible with advances in digital technologies and the computational power they provided. The development of new drugs and therapies aimed at modifying biological characteristics and behaviors in biological engineering has resulted in significant advances in precision medicine.
Biomedical Engineering: Opportunities and Challenges
With the rapid evolution of consumer digital technologies, biological and biomedical engineers face both opportunities and challenges. Medical monitoring and diagnosis have become more accurate and faster due to the Internet of things (IoT) connected sensor devices linked to smartphones and high-speed 5G networks. The negative side of these advances is that they generate personal and sensitive data that can be misinterpreted or abused, causing problems for clinical validation and management problems.
Advances have significantly improved human life in biological and biomedical engineering. Advances in these fields have allowed us to respond more rapidly to pandemics, develop precision medicine practices, save or extend lives, and improve the quality of life for thousands of persons with disabilities.
Humanity faces numerous disruptive opportunities and challenges due to the impact of digital technologies on biomedical and biological engineering. Advances in genetic engineering have led to precision medicine and, most recently, to genetically modifying a pig's heart for successful transplantation into a human. Such developments can save lives and enhance the quality of life without compromising our humanity.
The first digital revolution occurred due to using digital technologies in biotechnology. Still, the second revolution will be the application of digital technologies to biological and biomedical engineering, which will enhance and augment our human capabilities by improving our physical and mental functions.
Overall, the generic digital technologies of wireless networks, IoT, AI, big data analytics, cloud computing, and interactive, immersive simulation and visualization lead to—an intuitive, faster, and more powerful tool for biological/biomedical engineers to develop today's solutions, innovation and multidisciplinary collaboration between industry, research, and academia, healthcare ecosystems and roles and responsibilities are undergoing transformations and disruptions, and influencing humanity's future in a significant way.
Biomedical and biological engineers will play a critical role in shaping the future.
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